Final answer:
The 'ed' ending in the words 'helped' and 'called' is a morpheme, which indicates the past tense. Therefore, the correct option is 2) morpheme
Step-by-step explanation:
In the words 'helped' and 'called,' the 'ed' ending is a morpheme.
A morpheme is the smallest meaningful unit of language. In this case, the 'ed' ending indicates past tense. In 'helped,' 'ed' tells us that the action of helping happened in the past. Similarly, in 'called,' 'ed' tells us that the action of calling also happened in the past.