Final answer:
The kidneys are located outside the peritoneal cavity, making the statement false. They are in the retroperitoneal space between the parietal peritoneum and the posterior abdominal wall.
Step-by-step explanation:
The kidneys are located outside the peritoneal cavity, which makes the statement false. The kidneys lie in the retroperitoneal space between the parietal peritoneum and the posterior abdominal wall. They are well protected by muscle, fat, and ribs.
For example, the kidneys are roughly the size of a fist and they receive about 25 percent of the cardiac output at rest, indicating their importance in maintaining homeostasis.
Keywords: kidneys, peritoneal cavity, retroperitoneal space, homeostasis