Final answer:
The Constitution does indeed ensure that states retain all powers not expressly granted to the national government, a principle enshrined in the Tenth Amendment. The necessary and proper clause has been interpreted to expand rather than limit national government powers. During the Revolutionary Era, no state constitution granted women the right to vote.
Step-by-step explanation:
The statement that the Constitution ensures that the states retain all power not given to the national government is true, which aligns with the principles of federalism established by the framers of the Constitution. This concept is directly affirmed in the Tenth Amendment, known as the reserve or residual powers amendment, which states that powers not delegated to the United States by the Constitution, nor prohibited by it to the States, are reserved to the States respectively, or to the people.
The necessary and proper clause, also known as the elastic clause, has actually had the opposite effect of limiting the power of the national government; it has instead allowed the federal government to exercise implied powers that are not explicitly stated in the Constitution, as long as they are deemed necessary and proper to execute the powers that are explicitly stated. Therefore, the answer to the question about the necessary and proper clause is false. Lastly, the statement that no state constitution in the Revolutionary Era allowed women the right to vote is true.