Final answer:
A 23-year-old on AFDC may be eligible for Medicaid depending on their income and state eligibility criteria, particularly after the ACA's expansion to include adults under 65 earning up to 133% of the federal poverty level.
Step-by-step explanation:
A 23-year-old recipient of Aid to Families with Dependent Children (AFDC) would potentially be eligible for Medicaid if they meet the specific criteria set by their state since eligibility can differ from state to state. The adult welfare recipient is entitled to benefits under Temporary Assistance to Needy Families (TANF) for a maximum of five years, and criteria for inclusion into Medicaid take into account factors such as income, disability, and family situation. With Medicaid also covering those below and just above the poverty line, an expansion under the Affordable Care Act intended to cover adults under 65 earning up to 133 percent of the federal poverty level opens up benefits to a wider population, including able-bodied adults without dependents. Therefore, the answer would likely be: 1) Yes, they would be eligible for Medicaid, if their income falls below the state's eligibility criteria.