Question

What role do mRNA molecules play in the process of protein synthesis?

a) mRNA molecules serve as the blueprint carrying genetic information from DNA to the ribosomes for protein synthesis.
b) mRNA molecules aid in the transport of amino acids during translation.
c) mRNA molecules are primarily involved in DNA replication.
d) mRNA molecules function in maintaining cell structure and integrity.

Answer 1

mRNA molecules act as crucial intermediaries in protein synthesis by carrying genetic instructions from DNA to the ribosomes, where proteins are synthesized during translation.

Step-by-step explanation:

The role of mRNA molecules in the process of protein synthesis is crucial. mRNA, or messenger RNA, serves as the intermediary between DNA and the synthesis of protein products during translation. It carries the genetic message from the chromosomal DNA to the ribosome, which is the site of protein synthesis.

The process begins with transcription, where the mRNA is synthesized in the nucleus with a base sequence complementary to one strand of DNA. Following this, during translation, the information encoded in the mRNA dictates the specific sequence of amino acids in a protein. The amino acids are then covalently linked together in a polypeptide chain forming the desired protein.