Final answer:
The disc brake is the most common type of brake at each wheel, and hydraulic brake systems apply brake pressure evenly to all wheels using Pascal's principle.
Step-by-step explanation:
The most common type of brake found at each wheel is the disc brake. In a hydraulic braking system, which uses Pascal's principle, the driver applies a force to the brake pedal. This pedal force is then amplified through a simple lever mechanism and a hydraulic system. The hydraulic system distributes this force equally across all wheel cylinders, applying brake pressure to the wheels. The brake system is designed so that the force on the brake pedal, represented by F1, translates into a higher force output, represented by F2, at each of the wheel cylinders. The cross-sectional areas of the master cylinder, where the pedal force is initially applied, and the wheel (slave) cylinders, which apply the force to the brakes, are commonly denoted as A1 and A2, respectively.