Question

Which risk factors are modifiable?

1) BMI, Smoking, inactivity
2) BMI, Family hx, fasting BG
3) HDL, Triglycerides, fasting BG
4) Smoking, Triglycerides, Inactivity

Answer 1

Modifiable risk factors for cardiovascular disease include BMI, smoking, and inactivity because these can be changed through lifestyle choices such as diet, smoking cessation, and physical activity. Family history is not modifiable, while fasting BG and triglycerides can be influenced by these modifiable factors.

Step-by-step explanation:

The modifiable risk factors include behaviors and lifestyle choices that individuals can change to reduce the risk of cardiovascular disease. The correct modifiable risk factors from the provided options are: BMI (Body Mass Index), Smoking, and Inactivity. These can be modified through dietary changes, smoking cessation, and increasing physical activity. Family history is not a modifiable risk factor since it is determined by genetics. While fasting blood glucose (BG) and triglycerides levels can often be managed and improved through lifestyle changes and medication, they are directly influenced by the other modifiable factors such as diet and exercise. Therefore, high-density lipoprotein (HDL) is the only non-modifiable factor in the provided choices since it is largely influenced by genetics, though it can be somewhat influenced by lifestyle choices.