Final answer:
Inclusion represents how fairly employees are accepted and treated in their organization, similar to the concept of pluralism in intergroup relations, which is like a 'salad bowl' where different identities coexist without assimilation. Hence, option (d) is correct.
Step-by-step explanation:
Inclusion represents the degree to which employees are accepted and treated fairly by their organization. In the context of intergroup relations, pluralism is akin to the 'salad bowl' metaphor, where diverse groups retain their own identity within society.
Contrary to pluralism, assimilation involves minority groups conforming to the dominant group's identity. The acceptance and fair treatment of all employees, regardless of background, is crucial for maintaining a healthy and productive workplace environment, reflecting pluralism's ideals.
Diversity refers to the variety of differences among people in an organization, including but not limited to race, gender, age, ethnicity, sexual orientation, religion, and other characteristics. An identity group is a social category to which individuals belong and that often shapes their identity. Groupthink is a phenomenon where members of a group prioritize consensus and harmony over critical thinking and independent judgment.