Final answer:
Individuals who attribute their successes and failures to their own efforts have an internal locus of control, a concept that denotes a belief in personal control over life events.
Step-by-step explanation:
This psychological concept, introduced by Julian Rotter, refers to the extent to which individuals believe they have power over events in their lives. Those with an internal locus of control believe that their outcomes are the result of their own actions, whereas those with an external locus of control believe that external forces, like luck or the actions of others, dictate their outcomes.
When individuals make internal attributions for their successes and external attributions for their failures, this is known as the self-serving bias. The self-serving bias allows people to preserve their self-esteem by taking credit for good outcomes while deflecting blame for bad ones. Knowing whether one has an internal or external locus of control can be crucial in understanding their behavior and predicting how they will respond to different situations in life.