Final answer:
The DoD assesses the effectiveness of harassment prevention and response programs using results-oriented performance measures, which may include surveys, focus groups, and interviews. Systematic and objective evaluations are crucial for ensuring these programs achieve their goals.
Step-by-step explanation:
The Department of Defense (DoD) intends to assess the effectiveness of harassment prevention and response programs using results-oriented performance measures. This method is systematic and aims to provide objective evidence regarding the success of these programs. By employing an evaluation framework featuring immediate responses, learning outcomes, supervisor observations, and broader results like productivity and profits, the DoD seeks to ensure that these programs are achieving their intended goals. Moreover, case studies demonstrate that systematic evaluation, including rigorous designs like counterfactual analysis, is essential for separating the impact of the programs from other factors.
Evaluators may also use pre- and post-surveys, focus groups, and interviews to gather comprehensive data. The effectiveness of policy interventions, like harassment prevention programs, is often best measured by comparing metrics before and after the implementation of the program, as well as against control groups that do not receive the intervention. The lesson learned from various program evaluations is that systematic assessments can lead to performance improvements and the refinement of strategies to address harassment effectively within the DoD.
Answer: C. Using results-oriented performance measures.