Final answer:
The assignment of project duties according to each person's degree major is an example of a division of labor (A). This division is common in modern businesses like restaurants, where each role is specialized, though certain situations may call for flexibility beyond strict responsibilities.
Step-by-step explanation:
In a business course where team members are assigned project duties based on their degree major, this is known as a division of labor. Modern businesses frequently use this method to ensure efficiency and effectiveness. For instance, a restaurant's division of labor includes positions such as a top chef, sous chefs, servers, and a business manager, each specializing in a particular aspect of the business operation.
Each employee's role is tailored to their skills and expertise, contributing to the overall performance and service delivery of the restaurant. This approach to dividing responsibilities highlights the importance of specialization. However, the effectiveness of this division can be questioned in instances where flexibility could improve operations, as when a hostess could help alleviate a backup in the kitchen.