Final answer:
The smallest, most tightly packed molecules travel the fastest through the gel matrix in gel electrophoresis due to experiencing less friction and being able to be pulled by the current more easily.
Step-by-step explanation:
The smallest, most tightly packed molecules travel the fastest through the gel matrix in gel electrophoresis. This is because smaller molecules experience less friction as they move through the pores in the gel matrix, allowing them to be pulled by the current more easily.
In gel electrophoresis, DNA molecules are separated based on their size. Smaller DNA molecules can move through the pores in the gel matrix faster than larger DNA molecules, resulting in a difference in migration distance. For example, supercoiled DNA, which is more compact, migrates faster than nicked or circular DNA, which has a more elongated shape.
DNA molecules are separated based on their size, with smaller molecules moving through the pores in the gel matrix faster than larger ones. Multiple factors, such as the charge and shape of the molecules, as well as the strength of the electric field, affect the rate of migration in gel electrophoresis.
The rate of migration in gel electrophoresis is influenced by various factors, including the size, shape, and charge of the molecules, as well as the strength of the electric field applied.