Final answer:
Mesopotamians tamed the Tigris and Euphrates by building levees, canals, as part of an extensive irrigation system to cultivate crops and support settlement growth.
Step-by-step explanation:
The people of Mesopotamia developed innovative methods to tame the unpredictable Tigris and Euphrates rivers and harness their water for the purpose of agriculture. To mitigate the challenges posed by flooding, the Mesopotamians constructed extensive irrigation systems including levees, canals. This clever management of water resources facilitated the process of irrigation, enabling the cultivation of crops such as barley, sesame seeds, and dates. Beyond just agriculture, the development of these systems likely spurred the emergence of governance and large-scale settlements, as collective effort was required to build and maintain such infrastructures.