Final answer:
The molecule found in CFCs and HCFCs that depletes the ozone layer is Chlorine. As a catalyst, chlorine can destroy thousands of ozone molecules, converting them to oxygen, and one chlorine atom can continue this cycle for up to two years.
Step-by-step explanation:
The molecule found in Chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs) and Hydrochlorofluorocarbons (HCFCs) that depletes the ozone layer is B) Chlorine. Chlorine, when released into the stratosphere, can destroy thousands of ozone molecules. This is because chlorine acts as a catalyst in the breakdown of ozone (O3), converting it into oxygen molecules (O2). The reaction is as follows:
CI + O3 → CIO + O2
CIO + O → CI + 2 O2
Through this process, a single chlorine atom can initiate a cycle in which it continues to destroy ozone for up to two years. CFCs, found in refrigerants, air conditioning systems, and aerosols, are able to reach the stratosphere due to their stability and long atmospheric lifetimes, where they then release chlorine atoms that harm the ozone layer.