Final answer:
The HMS Jersey is nicknamed the 'Hell Ship' because 9 out of 10 prisoners died aboard. This nickname comes from the devastating death rate among prisoners on the ship during the American Revolutionary War, not from the MS St. Louis incident during WWII.
Step-by-step explanation:
The HMS Jersey is often referred to as the "Hell Ship" because an extremely high number of prisoners held on the ship during the American Revolutionary War died under the horrific conditions. It is said that 9 out of 10 prisoners died aboard. This question is a bit confusing because it seems to conflate the history of the HMS Jersey with the story of the MS St. Louis, which was an unrelated event that occurred during World War II, involving Jewish refugees fleeing Nazi persecution. In the case of the MS St. Louis, the passengers experienced dire circumstances but were not to the same extreme mortality rate as the prisoners on the HMS Jersey, nor was the ship ever referred to by such nicknames. Hence, based on the information given, the correct answer would be (c) Hell Ship; 9.