Question

When assessing a patient receiving cardiac glycosides for heart failure, what are the expected actions and outcomes healthcare providers should monitor for to detect digoxin toxicity? Additionally, outline the specific signs and symptoms associated with digoxin toxicity and the appropriate interventions that should be initiated in response to these findings.

Answer 1

Healthcare providers should monitor patients receiving digoxin for improved cardiac output and watch for signs of digoxin toxicity, which include visual disturbances, gastrointestinal symptoms, CNS symptoms, and cardiac disturbances. Appropriate interventions involve discontinuing digoxin, correcting electrolytes, administering digoxin-specific antibody fragments, and supportive care.

Step-by-step explanation:

When healthcare providers assess patients receiving cardiac glycosides such as digoxin for heart failure, they monitor for the efficacy of the treatment and signs of digoxin toxicity. Expected actions include improved cardiac output and reduced symptoms of heart failure.

Signs and symptoms of digoxin toxicity may include visual disturbances (such as blurred vision and yellow-green halos), gastrointestinal symptoms (nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea), central nervous system symptoms (confusion, weakness, and dizziness), and cardiac disturbances (arrhythmias, bradycardia). Electrolyte imbalances, particularly hypokalemia and hypercalcemia, can predispose patients to toxicity. It is imperative to monitor the patient's digoxin levels, electrolytes, and renal function.

Interventions for suspected digoxin toxicity include discontinuing the medication, monitoring and correcting electrolyte imbalances, and in severe cases, administering digoxin-specific antibody fragments (digoxin immune Fab). Close monitoring of cardiac rhythms and supportive care are also essential parts of the management.