Final answer:
The biotic factors of a tropical rainforest include a wide variety of plant species, epiphytes, and animals, all supported by the biome's high net primary productivity and complex habitat layers.
Step-by-step explanation:
The biotic factors of a tropical rainforest are remarkably diverse due to the high net primary productivity of these biomes. The warm annual temperatures and ample precipitation make it an ideal environment for plant growth. This leads to the formation of complex plant communities with high species diversities, including a vast number of tree species ranging from 100 to 300 in a single hectare of the rainforest.
Furthermore, the vertical stratification creates distinct habitat layers such as the forest floor, understory, and closed upper canopy, which provide homes for various plants, animals, and fungi.
Among these biotic components are epiphytes, which are plants that grow on other plants without causing harm, and a plethora of animal species that have adapted to live in the different layers, many of which are arboreal and seldom come to the ground.