Final answer:
The nursing actions for IV infiltration include discontinuing the IV line, elevating the extremity, applying a warm compress, and possibly administering an antidote. These steps help minimize tissue damage and prevent further complications.
Step-by-step explanation:
IV infiltration is a complication of intravenous therapy where the IV fluid leaks into the surrounding tissue. When dealing with IV infiltration, nurses must take prompt and appropriate actions to minimize tissue damage and prevent complications. Here are the nursing actions often recommended for IV infiltration:
- Discontinue the IV line - The first and most crucial step in managing IV infiltration is to stop the infusion and remove the IV catheter to prevent further leakage of the solution into the tissue.
- Elevate the extremity - Elevating the affected limb can help reduce swelling and promote venous return, which may minimize the infiltration and discomfort.
- Apply a warm compress to the site - Warm compresses may help alleviate pain and may facilitate the absorption of the infiltrated fluid, depending on the type of fluid that has infiltrated.
- Administer an antidote - In cases where a vesicant medication has caused the infiltration, administering an antidote may be necessary to prevent or mitigate tissue damage.
Additionally, it is important to follow infection control protocols, as demonstrated by Dr. Pronovost's checklist for ICU doctors when inserting a central intravenous line, which can prevent complications like infections at the IV site. In Barbara's case, with symptoms suggesting an infection at her port site, the application of a topical antiseptic and a fresh dressing by her physician aligns with best practices to manage potential IV-related infections.