Final answer:
The correct option is c. Neurogenesis is the process by which new neurons are formed in the brain, a discovery that has overturned the previous belief that no new neurons are formed after birth.
Step-by-step explanation:
Recent research in brain science has revealed that contrary to past beliefs, the brain does create new neurons, a process known as neurogenesis. This process was initially discovered in songbirds and has been observed in mammals, including humans. Specifically, about 1,000 new neurons develop each day in the hippocampus, a part of the brain associated with learning and memory.
However, not all these neurons survive; their survival and integration into the neural network are influenced by factors such as learning, exercise, stress, and certain medications. This understanding of neurogenesis is essential because it may lead to groundbreaking treatments for neurological diseases such as Alzheimer's, stroke, and epilepsy.
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