Final answer:
Option (B), In a market economy, consumer incomes are primarily based on the quantity and prices of the resources they own, such as labor, real estate, and financial assets. Labor income, for instance, is affected by work hours and wages.
Step-by-step explanation:
In a market economy, the incomes of consumers depend primarily upon the quantity and prices of resources that they possess. This means that income is derived from the ownership of the means of production, which includes resources such as labor, real estate, and financial assets like bank accounts, stocks, and bonds.
Labor income is one of the most significant sources of income for most people and is determined by the number of hours worked and the wage rate. In contrast, some individuals may own real estate or financial assets, from which they can earn rental income, interest, or dividends.
In a command economy, however, the government has more influence on income distribution through wage setting and the directing of production. The decision of who will receive the goods and services in a command economy is often made by the government, contrasting with the market economy, where consumers' purchasing power primarily drives these decisions.