Final answer:
Correlational research studies the relationship between variables, but does not establish causation. Surveys are a common method of conducting correlational research. Experiments, on the other hand, control variables and can establish cause and effect relationships.
Step-by-step explanation:
Correlational research is a method of studying relationships between variables, where two or more variables are found to have a correlation. For example, a survey might show a positive correlation between smoking and lung cancer, meaning that as smoking increases, so does the risk of lung cancer. However, it's important to note that correlational research cannot establish causation, or determine that one variable causes changes in another variable.
This differs from experiments, where all variables are controlled and changes in one variable can be concluded to cause changes in another. Experiments provide a stronger basis for establishing cause and effect relationships. In contrast, correlational research can only identify relationships and associations between variables.
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