Final answer:
Individual contribution limits to Qualified Retirement Plans include employee deferrals and catch-up employee deferrals but do not include employer matching contributions or employer profit sharing contributions, which have separate caps. Option c, d.
Step-by-step explanation:
When considering individual contribution limits to Qualified Retirement Plans such as 401(k)s and 403(b)s, it's important to recognize what counts towards these limits. The Internal Revenue Service (IRS) specifies the maximum amounts that individuals can contribute to their retirement plans each year.
Options such as a. Catch-up employee deferrals and b. Employee deferrals do count towards an individual's contribution limit. These are contributions made directly by the employee and can include additional catch-up contributions for those aged 50 and older.
However, c. Employer matching contributions and d. Employer profit sharing contributions do not count towards the individual's elective deferral limit. Instead, they are part of the overall contribution limit which includes employee and employer contributions combined.
It is the employer's contributions that do not factor into the individual employee's direct limits. Rather, these contributions are subject to a separate set of caps which, when combined with employee contributions, should not exceed the overall plan contribution limit set by the IRS for a given year.
So Option c, d.