Final answer:
Organisms in the Domain Archaea are more closely related to the Domain Eukarya, sharing a more recent common ancestor with them and several genes, proteins, and metabolic pathways, unlike with the Domain Bacteria where the relationship is more distant. The correct option is B.
Step-by-step explanation:
Organisms in the Domain Archaea have more DNA sequence similarity to the Domain Eukarya than to Domain Bacteria.
This is because the phylogenetic tree based on ribosomal RNA base sequences suggests that Eukarya and Archaea share a more recent common ancestor, which is unlike the relationship between Bacteria and Archaea.
Both Archaea and Bacteria are prokaryotic, but they differ enough to be placed in separate domains.
Moreover, Archaea share certain genes, proteins, and metabolic pathways with Eukaryotes that Bacteria do not have, supporting the close evolutionary relationship between Archaea and Eukarya.
An ancestor of modern Archaea is believed to have given rise to the eukaryotic cells which are a part of the Eukarya domain. The correct option is B.