Final answer:
Structural poverty best describes the low wages earned by incarcerated individuals and undocumented immigrants, as it reflects systemic economic and social issues that impact certain groups.
Step-by-step explanation:
The theory that best describes the low (poverty) wages earned by incarcerated individuals and undocumented immigrants is structural poverty. This type of poverty is a systemic issue resulting from aspects of the economic and social systems that create and maintain the status of individuals or groups. Low wages for incarcerated individuals can be attributed to the prison system and its policies, while undocumented immigrants often face limited access to legal employment opportunities and rights, resulting in lower wages as a result of their vulnerable status in the labor market.
Relative poverty is defined as the condition of living below the standard of living of the average person in a country, which differs from absolute poverty, denoting a lack of basic necessities like food.
Subjective poverty involves the perception of one's income as insufficient to meet personal expectations and needs, adding another dimension to the experience of poverty.