Final answer:
The most common child outcome associated with adolescent pregnancy is poor school achievement, as adolescent parents may struggle with new stresses that can hinder both their own and their child's educational progress. Additionally, there is an increased risk of child abuse and neglect, which can lead to cognitive, social, and academic difficulties.
Step-by-step explanation:
When considering which of the following child outcomes is associated with adolescent pregnancy, it is crucial to examine evidence-based research on the matter. Among the child outcomes listed (autism, reduced risk of substance abuse, poor school achievement, and warmer relationships with siblings and peers), the most commonly associated outcome with adolescent pregnancy is poor school achievement. Research suggests that adolescent mothers are often less capable of coping with the stresses of becoming a new parent, which can correlate with lower educational achievements for both the mother and child. Additionally, children born to adolescent mothers have an increased risk of experiencing abuse and neglect, which can lead to cognitive and social difficulties as well as poor academic performance.
While adolescent pregnancy may be linked to some positive relationship aspects due to increased time with peers and a desire for acceptance, it also raises the likelihood of engaging in unhealthy behaviors such as smoking and drinking, which in turn can negatively impact child outcomes. The negative effects of child abuse, including an increased risk of poor health, mental instability, and difficulty in school, are also notable when discussing the consequences that can stem from adolescent pregnancy.