Final answer:
Schizophrenia is the mental health disorder characterized by severe distortion of reality, typically treated with antipsychotic medications.
Step-by-step explanation:
Schizophrenia is a class of disorders in which severe distortion of reality occurs. This serious mental illness is characterized by symptoms such as hallucinations, delusions, difficulty distinguishing between reality and imagination, and inappropriate emotional responses. It typically affects individuals in their late adolescence or early 20s, with about one percent of people in the United States being affected. The onset of schizophrenia involves malfunctioning dopaminergic neurons and can also include issues with glutamate signaling. Although there is no cure, antipsychotic medications are used to manage the symptoms by blocking dopamine receptors and reducing dopamine neurotransmission, which can sometimes result in Parkinson's disease-like symptoms.