Final answer:
The true statement about culture and depression is that in Western cultures, adolescent males and females show similar rates of depression, but this changes in adulthood, with females often reporting higher rates. Studies highlight gender differences in depressive symptoms and suggest biological, social, and cognitive factors contribute to these disparities.
Step-by-step explanation:
The statement about culture and depression that is true is: 'In Western cultures, adolescent males and females demonstrate similar rates in depression. By adulthood, the trend reverses.' This reflects research that while adolescent males and females may have comparable rates of depression, differences become more pronounced in adulthood with females often experiencing higher rates of depression. The reasons for these gender differences in rates of depression are thought to be due to a variety of factors, including biological differences, social expectations, and coping strategies.
Studies like those by Nolen-Hoeksema, Larson, & Grayson (1999) provide insight into the gender differences in depressive symptoms, suggesting that females are more likely to ruminate on their depressive symptoms, which can exacerbate and prolong depression. Kessler et al.'s research indicates that the lifetime prevalence of major depressive disorder (MDD) is higher in women than in men. Cultural factors also influence the expression and reporting of depression symptoms, with societal norms and stigma potentially affecting how individuals recognize and seek help for emotional distress.