Final answer:
Transcription and translation in the same location occur in prokaryotic cells in the cytoplasm. In eukaryotic cells, transcription happens in the nucleus, while translation takes place in the cytoplasm.
Step-by-step explanation:
In prokaryotic cells, both transcription and translation occur simultaneously in the cytoplasm. This means that RNA synthesis (transcription) and protein synthesis (translation) happen in the same location.
In eukaryotic cells, however, transcription occurs in the nucleus and translation occurs in the cytoplasm. This separation is due to the presence of a nuclear membrane, which separates the two processes.
Therefore, transcription and translation occur in the same location (cytoplasm) in prokaryotic cells, while in eukaryotic cells they occur in different locations (nucleus and cytoplasm) respectively.