Final answer:
The percentage defective in an average lot through acceptance sampling is described by the Acceptable Quality Level (AQL), representing the maximum percentage of defects tolerated.
Step-by-step explanation:
The percentage defective in an average lot of goods inspected through acceptance sampling is best described by the term Acceptable Quality Level (AQL). This is because AQL refers to the maximum percentage of defective items that can be considered acceptable during the random sampling of a batch. If the number of defects is within this level, the lot is accepted, otherwise, it's rejected.
When we talk specifics, like the case of a NUMMI assembly line with a known defect rate of 10 percent, and a sample size of n = 100, variable X representing the number of defective cars, using the empirical rule, you would expect X to be around the mean with a certain percentage of certainty within one, two, or three standard deviations.