Final answer:
The correct term that matches 'Reward (component of contingency contract)' is 'Gratification'. This is in accordance with the principles of operant conditioning, where gratification serves as a positive reinforcer aimed at increasing the likelihood that a desired behavior will be repeated. option b.
Step-by-step explanation:
The student's question pertains to the concept of Operant Conditioning, specifically the reward component of a contingency contract. Within the framework of operant conditioning, a reward refers to a consequence that follows a behavior with the intention of increasing the likelihood that the behavior will occur again in the future.
This aligns with the principle of reinforcement, where rewards serve as positive reinforcers.
In the context of work activity, there are beliefs such as that people should be rewarded according to the effort they expend or the compensation for the costs they incur. These rewards encourage desired behaviors by providing gratification, which is differentiated from punishment or penalties that aim to decrease a behavior.
When we discuss reinforcers in operant conditioning, we categorize them into positive and negative reinforcers. A positive reinforcer adds something desirable to increase a behavior, while a negative reinforcer removes something undesirable to also increase a behavior.
Hence, in response to the multiple-choice question provided where 'Reward (component of contingency contract)' is asked to be matched with a term, the correct match would be 'b) Gratification' as it signifies a positive outcome or pleasure derived from the behavior, thereby increasing the likelihood of the behavior being repeated. Option b.