Final answer:
In managing a pregnant patient who has undergone major trauma, heightened susceptibility to infections and careful monitoring for pathogens like Listeria monocytogenes are key concerns. Prenatal and postpartum care must ensure placental integrity to prevent hemorrhage and support the involution process.
Step-by-step explanation:
When caring for a pregnant patient who has experienced a major trauma, it is vital to acknowledge the enhanced risk for infections due to the downregulated immune system during pregnancy. One must be vigilant about pathogens such as Listeria monocytogenes, which can cross the placenta and be very dangerous for the fetus. Adequate prenatal care, including monitoring of both the mother's and fetus's health, is crucial. During childbirth, the uterine contractions are essential for pushing the child out and ensuring the expulsion of the placenta and fetal membranes in an intact state. Postpartum care should include examination of these to prevent hemorrhage, and attention should be given to facilitate uterine involution and the adjustment of abdominal organs back to pre-pregnancy positions, a process aided by breastfeeding.