Final answer:
The creature feels powerless due to societal constraints, a heritage of evil, and internal conflicts between good and evil. His heightened senses contrast with his lack of societal power, leading to a profound sense of impotence in the face of external indifference and hostility.
Step-by-step explanation:
The passages suggest that the creature's perception of powerlessness is a complex mixture of inner turmoil, heightened senses, and external societal limitations. Societal constraints, a lack of education about God and heaven, and heritage of evil all contribute to the character's feelings of powerlessness. Furthermore, internal struggles such as the battle between good and evil within oneself and the psychological effects of terror showcase an intense inner conflict that exacerbates his sense of being powerless.
The creature's amplified physical senses allow him to experience the world in an extremely vivid and intense manner, yet this sensory acuity does not translate to personal empowerment. Instead, it serves to highlight just how out of place and powerless he feels. His recognition that he is powerless stems from not only his organic and emotional upheaval but also from the harsh realities of the society in which he finds himself—an environment that is indifferent at best and hostile at worst to his desires and existence.