Final answer:
The 'Medal of Honor' starts its citation with 'For extraordinary heroism...,' and it is the highest U.S. military decoration awarded for valor in the face of the enemy. The correct answer is D).
Step-by-step explanation:
The medal that uses "For extraordinary heroism..." as the opening phrase in the citation is the d) Medal of Honor. This prestigious award is the highest military decoration presented by the United States government to a member of its armed forces. The recipient must have distinguished themselves at the risk of their own life above and beyond the call of duty in action against an enemy of the United States. Because of its status, the Medal of Honor is often awarded posthumously to fallen heroes in recognition of their brave and valorous actions.