Final answer:
The statement about chloroplasts using light energy for photosynthesis to make glucose is true. Chloroplasts have a complex structure with inner and outer membranes, grana, stroma, and thylakoids, which facilitate the conversion of light energy into chemical energy.
Step-by-step explanation:
The statement that chloroplasts are membrane-bound organelles that use light energy to make glucose from water and carbon dioxide through a process known as photosynthesis is True. Chloroplasts are essential components in photoautotrophic eukaryotes, such as plants and algae, where they capture solar energy and convert it into chemical energy in the form of glucose, which serves as food for the plant.
Inside chloroplasts, stacks of thylakoids called grana house chlorophyll, the green pigment responsible for capturing light energy. The fluid surrounding the grana is called the stroma, and it is where the synthesis of glucose occurs. This process not only provides nourishment for the plant itself, but also produces oxygen, which is vital for life on Earth.
Chloroplasts have an inner and outer phospholipid membrane, and within these is the intermembrane space. Within the chloroplast stroma, there are thylakoids, which form a dynamic collection of folded membranes where light reactions of photosynthesis happen. This complex structure enables the chloroplast to perform its role efficiently, embodying the principle that form follows function in biology.