Final answer:
Nondisjunction during meiosis can lead to gametes with extra or missing chromosomes, resulting in offspring with genetic disorders. It is different from crossing over and independent assortment, which increase genetic diversity.
option c is correct.
Step-by-step explanation:
During meiosis, the process of nondisjunction produces gametes, and therefore offspring, that have extra or missing chromosomes. This can occur during either meiosis I or II, leading to aneuploid gametes that contribute to genetic disorders like Trisomy 21 (Down Syndrome).
This is unlike the process of crossing over and independent assortment, which are mechanisms that increase genetic diversity through the recombination of genetic material and the random orientation of homologous chromosomes, respectively. Both are important for genetic variation but do not usually result in aberrant chromosome numbers.Nondisjunction during meiosis can lead to gametes with extra or missing chromosomes, resulting in offspring with genetic disorders. It is different from crossing over and independent assortment, which increase genetic diversity.