Final answer:
Computers and advanced technologies are utilized in modern radiation therapy to direct radiation precisely to cancer tumors, with the level of precision dependent on the technology and other factors such as the type of cancer and patient condition.
Step-by-step explanation:
The accuracy of directing therapeutic radiation precisely to a tumor largely depends on the technology used in the treatment. Modern radiation therapy techniques, such as those utilizing a cobalt-60 machine, allow for the radiation to be focused on the targeted region, thereby minimizing the exposure to surrounding healthy tissues. These treatments are planned using sophisticated computers and imaging technologies. The mechanisms such as the gantry swing through an arc to concentrate the radiation dose on the tumor, as depicted in Figure 21.12.3 or Figure 21.26.
When deciding on radiation therapy protocols, the type of cancer, patient condition, and patient response are considered. For example, Table 32.7 lists typical therapeutic doses of radiation for various cancers, which are substantial but safe due to their localization and timing. Moreover, it is acknowledged that some types of cancer are more sensitive to radiation, which is taken into account when determining treatment plans. Overall, radiation therapy can be an effective way to treat tumors, but factors such as tumor sensitivity and patient health must be considered to optimize outcomes.