Final answer:
Keynesian economics is the macroeconomic model that highlights the role of sticky wages and prices in the short run and how they can lead to unemployment during economic downturns. Option A is correct.
Step-by-step explanation:
The macroeconomic model that emphasizes the importance of sticky wages and prices in the short run is Keynesian economics. This framework suggests that aggregate demand is more likely to be the primary cause of a short-run economic event, such as a recession, and that wages and prices may not adjust quickly to changes in economic conditions.
This can lead to unemployment during economic downturns due to the stickiness or inflexibility of wages and prices. Economists refer to costs related to changing prices as menu costs, which can contribute to this stickiness. The Keynesian approach contrasts with neoclassical models, which do not typically account for sticky wages and prices in their analysis of economic fluctuations.