Final answer:
The a. Bauhaus was a German school of art and design that operated from 1919 to 1933 and is renowned for its philosophy that 'form follows function,' influencing modernist movements in art, architecture, and design.
Step-by-step explanation:
The German School of Art and Design
The a. Bauhaus was a German school of art and design that operated in the early twentieth century and strongly embraced the principle that "form follows function." Founded by Walter Gropius in 1919, the Bauhaus aimed to merge crafts and the fine arts, asserting a boundary-less creativity where all art forms could coalesce. This concept, known as gesamtkunstwerk or 'total' creativity, had a profound influence on modernist movements.
Renowned artists such as Josef Albers, Paul Klee, and Wassily Kandinsky were associated with the Bauhaus. It significantly impacted modern design, including art, architecture, graphic design, interior design, industrial design, and typography, promoting a functionalist design characterized by the absence of ornamentation and a focus on the harmonization of function and overall design aesthetics.
The Bauhaus philosophy also infiltrated design education, with its curriculum incorporating a blend of art, craft, and technology, and its Vorkurs (preliminary course) integrating design theory and practical application.