Final answer:
SOHO, the Solar and Heliospheric Observatory, is positioned near the Sun, not on the Moon or near Jupiter, providing valuable data and imagery of solar-related phenomena.
Step-by-step explanation:
The Solar and Heliospheric Observatory (SOHO) is a mission designed to study the Sun. It is not positioned on the Moon or near Jupiter, nor does it share the same orbit as Earth. Instead, SOHO is located at a point in space called the first Lagrange point (L1), which allows it to stay in line with the Sun and Earth. This point provides a continuous view of the Sun. Therefore, the correct answer to the question is that SOHO is positioned: c) Near the Sun. SOHO has also contributed greatly to comet discovery and has helped provide a rich understanding of solar phenomena, capturing impressive imagery and videos of comets, such as comet ISON, that approach or transit near the Sun.