Final answer:
Artists as geniuses, dreamers, and visionaries play a critical role in shaping the interpretation of art through symbolism and personal expression, as influenced by cultural and psychological factors such as the subconscious and surrealism.
Step-by-step explanation:
The concept of the artist as genius, dreamer, and visionary presents the notion that the artist plays a pivotal role in shaping artistic perspectives through their unique ability to externalize ideas or feelings. This understanding of the artist allows us to interpret the symbolism in art and grasp the meaning behind artistic roles and expression. The evolution of art appreciation over time signifies a shift from an emphasis on narrative clarity toward embracing individual interpretation, as seen in the Surrealism movement, influenced by Freud's exploration of the subconscious.
Subconscious Art of Surrealism, for instance, reflects the profound impact of Freudian theories on art. Surrealists believed creativity sprang from the subconscious, as exemplified by automatism techniques and the interpretation of dreams. This shift allowed artists to connect with their inner psyche, resulting in bizarre and dreamlike imagery that challenged societal norms and embraced abstract representations of personal and collective unconsciousness.
Moreover, the inclusion of symbolism in art, as seen in works by Gauguin and later Edvard Munch, signified a departure from realistic representation, emphasizing color and forms to convey emotional experiences. Ultimately, through various historical periods, artists have continually redefined their roles and the execution of artistic expression, responding to cultural, political, and personal stimuli.