Final answer:
Labeling theory is the sociological theory that examines how society ascribes deviant behavior to individuals, potentially leading to a self-fulfilling prophecy.
Step-by-step explanation:
The sociological theory that examines the ascribing of deviant behavior to another person by members of society is known as labeling theory. This theory is part of the symbolic interactionist perspective and it suggests that deviance is a result of society's response to a person rather than the individual's actions alone. Labeling someone as deviant can lead to a self-fulfilling prophecy where the labeled individual comes to identify with the label, influencing their future behavior.