Final answer:
When an artist highlights the entire surface of a work equally, it is called Comprehensive focus. This technique differs from emphasis, which highlights specific areas to draw the viewer's attention.
Step-by-step explanation:
When an artist wants to highlight the entire surface of his or her work, without regard for any particular area, this technique is called Comprehensive focus.
Unlike other techniques that create a focal point, comprehensive focus aims to give equal visual importance to all areas of the artwork. For example, an artwork that uses a consistent pattern or texture throughout without emphasizing one area over another employs comprehensive focus.
This approach contrasts with emphasis, which draws attention to a specific area or element, like in the example of Francisco de Goya's painting The Third of May, 1808, where the figure in the white shirt is notably highlighted.