Question

Attributed to Apollodorus, Column of Trajan, located in Rome, 113

A) Use of concrete in Roman architecture
B) Synthesis of Greek (Ionic columns) and Etruscan architectural elements
C) Victory of the Athenians during the Peloponnesian War in 404 B.C.E.
D) Introduction of Christianity

Answer 1

The Column of Trajan is a prime example of Roman architecture that showcases the use of concrete and the integration of Greek and Etruscan architectural styles, illustrating Rome's advanced engineering capabilities and cultural reverence.

Step-by-step explanation:

The Column of Trajan, attributed to Apollodorus of Damascus, stands as a testament to Roman engineering prowess and the synthesis of Greek and Etruscan architectural elements. Constructed in 113 CE, this monument from ancient Rome celebrates Emperor Trajan's victory in the Dacian Wars. Within this architectural context, Roman concrete played a critical role in enabling large-scale structures like the Column of Trajan, alongside other innovative constructions such as the Flavian Amphitheater (Colosseum), and the Pantheon with its magnificent dome. Roman architects also honored their cultural predecessors, incorporating Greek aesthetic principles—evident in marble forums which mirrored the classical beauty of Greek temples—and Etruscan architectural contributions like deep porticos. The Column of Trajan exemplifies this combined heritage with its spiral frieze and detailed carvings that represent significant achievements of the Roman Empire. Roman public architecture thus served to convey important ideological messages and strengthen Roman identity through its monumental scale and design.