Question

Temple of "Fortuna Virilis," located in Rome, late 2nd century B.C.E.

A) Colonnaded courts
B) Introduction of Christianity
C) Synthesis of Greek (Ionic columns) and Etruscan architectural elements
D) Use of arches and vaults in Roman architecture

Answer 1

The Temple of Portunus is a historical example of Roman architecture that combines Greek and Etruscan design elements, featuring Ionic columns and constructed with materials like travertine and tufa.

Step-by-step explanation:

The Temple of Portunus, formerly known as the Temple of Fortuna Virilis, is a historical structure that exemplifies the synthesis of Greek and Etruscan architectural elements in Roman architecture. Dating back to the late 2nd century BCE, this temple showcases Ionic columns, indicative of Greek influence, while also featuring the Etruscan characteristic of a deep porch. Additionally, it is built with travertine and tufa, and coated with stucco to mimic Greek marble, demonstrating the Romans' adept use of various materials. The architecture of Republican Rome was marked by such mixtures, where civic pride and elite dedications often culminated in the creation of monumental buildings that served both sacred and secular public events.