Final answer:
The statement about a universal code of human rights followed by all entities globally is false; the UDHR sets common standards but is not followed uniformly due to different legal, political, and cultural perspectives.
Step-by-step explanation:
The statement that there is a single code of human rights that is adopted and followed by all countries, companies, and organizations is false. The Universal Declaration of Human Rights (UDHR) provides a common standard for human rights definitions and protections around the world and was created by the United Nations General Assembly in 1948, setting forth global standards that many countries have adopted. However, not all areas of the world share the same political and legal philosophy regarding human rights, and there are variations in the implementation and acceptance of these rights. For instance, some Islamic countries have issues with the UDHR and adopted the Cairo Declaration on Human Rights in Islam in 1990, which has different provisions.
All UN member states have ratified at least one of the nine core human rights treaties, with 80 percent ratifying four or more, thus accepting obligations to respect, protect, and promote human rights. Nevertheless, the protection and application of human rights are subject to considerable debate, and practices vary widely across different nations, reflecting diverse cultural, political, and legal perspectives.