Final answer:
When the glomerulus is damaged and large molecules like red blood cells and large proteins start to flow out of the glomerulus, the glomerular filtration rate (GFR) and urine concentration would decrease. the correct answer is glomerular filtration rate (b).
Step-by-step explanation:
When the glomerulus is damaged and large molecules like red blood cells and large proteins start to flow out of the glomerulus, the glomerular filtration rate (GFR) would decrease. GFR is the volume of glomerular filtrate formed per minute by the kidneys and is an indicator of kidney function. In this case, the damaged glomerulus would result in decreased filtration, leading to a decrease in GFR. Additionally, when large molecules leak out of the glomerulus, the urine concentration would also decrease.
Normally, the glomerulus filters out most of the solutes, allowing for a concentrated urine. However, when large molecules like red blood cells and large proteins are present in the filtrate, the urine becomes less concentrated. On the other hand, blood pressure may not necessarily decrease in this situation. It would depend on other factors that affect blood pressure, such as fluid and electrolyte balance.