Final answer:
The p-value helps determine the likelihood of obtaining the observed data if the null hypothesis is true. Based on the p-value, we reject the null hypothesis, indicating that the color alleles segregate from each other during meiosis and then combine randomly during fertilization.
Step-by-step explanation:
The p-value is a statistical measure that helps determine the likelihood of obtaining the observed data if the null hypothesis is true. It represents the strength of evidence against the null hypothesis. In this case, if the p-value is small (usually below a predetermined threshold like 0.05), we would reject the null hypothesis, suggesting that the color alleles do segregate and combine randomly during fertilization.
A clear conclusion can be written as follows: Based on the p-value, we reject the null hypothesis, indicating that the color alleles segregate from each other during meiosis and then combine randomly during fertilization. This supports the hypothesis that color alleles follow the expected Mendelian inheritance pattern.