Question

Which of these answers describes the relationship between genes and chromosomes? (More than one answer may be correct, select all that apply.)

a) Each chromosome contains one gene
b) On average, each of our chromosomes contains ~1086 genes
c) A gene can be split up into different parts on different chromosomes
d) Homologous chromosomes have the same genes in the same order, but the genes can be different alleles

Answer 1

The correct options describing the relationship between genes and chromosomes are (b) each chromosome contains around 1,000 genes and (d) homologous chromosomes have the same genes in the same order but can have different alleles.

Step-by-step explanation:

The relationship between genes and chromosomes is that chromosomes are structures consisting of DNA, which is encoded with genetic instructions organized into units called genes. While each chromosome can contain many genes, averaging around 1,000, a single gene is not split across different chromosomes. Moreover, homologous chromosomes have the same sequence of genes, although they can have different alleles of these genes. b) On average, each of our chromosomes contains ~1,000 genes d) Homologous chromosomes have the same genes in the same order, but the genes can be different alleles

Hence, the correct answers are (b) and (d). Each gene contains the code for a specific protein or part of a protein, contributing to a trait. The human genome has 20,000-25,000 genes distributed among 23 chromosome pairs. Genetic variation arises from different alleles located on homologous chromosomes.