Final answer:
Robert will start receiving Social Security disability benefits after a 5 full calendar month waiting period, so payments will begin after 6 months of disability, aligning with option (b).
Step-by-step explanation:
Robert will begin to receive Social Security disability benefits after a waiting period of 5 full calendar months. Hence, the correct answer is (b) After 6 months of disability. The waiting period begins the first full month after the date the Social Security Administration decides the disability began. It is important to consider this period as it ensures that benefits are not paid during short-term disabilities.
As a part of the Social Security Act established in 1935, which aimed to provide economic security for American workers, disability benefits are crucial to those who cannot work due to severe health conditions and are designed to provide financial support to individuals whose disability is expected to last at least twelve months or result in death.