Final answer:
The covalent bond connecting amino acids in a polypeptide is a peptide bond, formed by a dehydration synthesis reaction that is essential for protein formation. The correct answer is c) Peptide bond.
Step-by-step explanation:
The covalent bond that connects adjacent amino acids in a polypeptide chain is called a peptide bond. A peptide bond is a type of covalent bond that forms through a dehydration synthesis reaction, where the carboxyl group of one amino acid reacts with the amino group of an adjacent amino acid, resulting in the release of a water molecule.
Such bonds are vital for the formation of proteins, which are long chains of amino acids linked together. Proteins, depending on their length, can be referred to either as polypeptides or proteins proper, with polypeptides usually consisting of fewer than 100 amino acids.
The correct answer to the question is c) Peptide bond. Peptide bonds create the primary structure of a protein by linking amino acids in a specific sequence, which later determines the protein's function.
The other options given, such as hydrogen bond, glycosidic bond, and ionic bond, represent different types of interactions or bonds that are not responsible for linking amino acids in proteins.
The covalent bond that connects adjacent amino acids in a polypeptide chain is called a peptide bond. A peptide bond is a covalent bond between two amino acids that forms by dehydration synthesis.
It is formed when the carboxyl group of one amino acid reacts with the amino group of another amino acid, releasing a water molecule. This bond is responsible for the formation of polypeptides, which are short chains of amino acids.